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The Endometriosis – Ovarian Cancer Connection (Part 5)

As you can see below there are many different types of ovarian tumors and cancers. We will use this official classification system to show which of these are associated with endometriosis.

World Health Organization Histological Classification of Ovarian Tumors1,2 (1999):

I. Surface epithelial-stromal tumors
1. Serous tumors
(1) Benign
1. Cystadenoma and papillary cystadenoma
2. Surface papilloma
3. Adenofibroma and cystadenofibroma
(2) Of borderline malignancy (of low malignant potential)
1. Cystic tumor and papillary cystic tumor
2. Surface papillary tumor
3. Adenofibroma and cystadenofibroma
(3) Malignant
1. Adenocarcinoma, papillary adenocarcinoma, and papillary cystadenocarcinoma
2. Surface papillary adenocarcinoma
3. Adenocarcinofibroma and cystadenocarcinofibroma
(malignant adenofibroma and cystadenofibroma)
2. Mucinous tumors, endocervical-like and intestinal types
(1) Benign
1. Cystadenoma
2. Adenofibroma and cystadenofibroma
(2) Of borderline malignancy (of low malignant potential)
1. Cystic tumor
2. Adenofibroma and cystadenofibroma
(3) Malignant
1. Adenocarcinoma and cystadenocarcinoma
2. Adenocarcinofibroma and cystadenocarcinofibroma
(malignant adenofibroma and cystadenofibroma)
3. Endometrioid tumors
(1) Benign
1. Cystadenoma
2. Cystadenoma with squamous differentiation
3. Adenofibroma and cystadenofibroma
4. Adenofibroma and cystadenofibroma with squamous differentiation
(2) Of borderline malignancy (of low malignant potential)
1. Cystic tumor
2. Cystic tumor with with squamous differentiation
3. Adenofibroma and cystadenofibroma
4. Adenofibroma and cystadenofibroma with squamous differentiation
(3) Malignant
1. Adenocarcinoma and cystadenocarcinoma
2. Adenocarcinoma and cystadenocarcinoma with squamous differentiation
3. Adenocarcinofibroma and cystadenocarcinofibroma
(malignant adenofibroma and cystadenofibroma)
4. Adenocarcinofibroma and cystadenocarcinofibroma with squamous differentiation
(malignant adenofibroma and cystadenofibroma with squamous differentiation)
(4) Epithelial-stromal and stromal
1. Adenosarcoma, homologous and heterologous
2. Mesodermal (mullerian) mixed tumor (carcinosarcoma),
homologous and heterologous
3. Stromal sarcoma
4. Clear cell tumors
(1) Benign
1. Cystadenoma
2. Adenofibroma and cystadenofibroma
(2) Of borderline malignancy (of low malignant potential)
1. Cystic tumor
2. Adenofibroma and cystadenofibroma
(3) Malignant
1. Adenocarcinoma
2. Adenocarcinofibroma and cystadenocarcinofibroma
(malignant adenofibroma and cystadenofibroma)
5. Transitional cell tumors
(1) Brenner tumor
(2) Brenner tumor of borderline malignancy (proliferating)
(3) Malignant Brenner tumor
(4) Transitional cell carcinoma (non-Brenner type)
6. Squamous cell tumors
7. Mixed epithelial tumors (specific types)
(1) Benign
(2) Of borderline malignancy (of low malignant potential)
(3) Malignancy
8. Undifferentiated carcinoma

II. Sex cord-stromal tumors
1. Granulosa-stromal cell tumors
(1) granulosa cell tumors
(2) thecoma-fibroma group
2. Sertoli-stromal cell tumors androblastomas
(1) well-differentiated
(2) Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor of intermediate differentiation
(3) Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor poorly differentiated (sarcomatoid)
(4) retiform
3. Sex cord tumor with annular tubules
4. Gynandroblastoma
5. Unclassified
6. Steroid (lipid) cell tumors
(1) stromal luteoma
(2) Leydig cell tumor
(3) unclassified

III. Germ cell tumors
1. Dysgerminoma: variant-with syncytiotrophoblast cells
2. Yolk sac tumors (endodermal sinus tumors)
(1) polyvesicular vitelline tumor
(2) hepatoid
(3) glandular
3. Embryonal carcinoma
4. Polyembryoma
5. Choriocarcinoma
6. Teratomas
(1) immature
(2) mature
(3) monodermal
(4) mixed germ cell

IV. Gonadoblastoma

V. Germ cell sex cord-stromal tumor of nongonadoblastoma type

VI. Tumors of rete ovarii

VII. Mesothelial tumors

VIII. Tumors of uncertain origin and miscellaneous tumors

IX. Gestational trophoblastic diseases

X. Soft tissue tumors not specific to ovary

XI. Malignant lymphomas, leukemias, and plasmacytomas

XII. Unclassified tumors

XIII. Secondary (metastatic) tumors

XIV. Tumorlike lesions

References
1. Kaku, T, Ogawa S, Kawano Y, Ohishi Y, Kobayashi H, Hirakawa T, Nakano H; Histological classification of ovarian cancer; Med Electron Microsc (2003) 36:9–17

2. Chen V, Ruiz B, Killeen J, Cote´ T, Wu X, Correa C; Pathology and Classification of Ovarian Tumors; CANCER Supplement (2003) 97(10): 2631-42

Summary
The Endometriosis – Ovarian Cancer Connection (Part 5)
Article Name
The Endometriosis – Ovarian Cancer Connection (Part 5)
Description
As you can see below there are many different types of ovarian tumors and cancers. We will use this official classification system to show which of these are associated with endometriosis.